Fahamu mahitaji ya usingizi kwa watoto wachanga

  • Usingizi ni muhimu sana kwa ukuaji wa mwili na akili ya mtoto.

Dar es Salaam. Usingizi ni miongoni mwa mahitaji muhimu kwa binadamu, hususan watoto wachanga katika miaka miwili ya mwanzo ya maisha yao.

Tofauti na watu wazima, watoto huhitaji muda mwingi zaidi wa kulala ili kuwawezesha kukua vizuri na kuimarisha uwezo wa ubongo kufanya kazi kwa ufanisi.

Kwa mujibu wa tovuti ya masuala ya afya ya Stanford Medicine Children’s Health, watoto wachanga huhitaji hadi saa 17 za usingizi kwa siku, ambazo hugawanyika katika vipindi mbalimbali.

“Ratiba ya usingizi wa mtoto ni muhimu sana kwa ukuaji wake wa mwili, maendeleo ya akili (kumbukumbu, kujifunza na umakini), udhibiti wa hisia, pamoja na ujuzi wa mwendo wa mwili,” inaeleza tovuti hiyo.

Tovuti hiyo inabainisha kuwa watoto wenye umri wa kuanzia siku moja hadi miezi mitatu ya mwanzo wanahitaji kulala wastani wa saa 16 hadi 17 kwa siku, lakini mara nyingi hawalali zaidi ya saa 1 hadi 2 kwa wakati mmoja.

Aidha, watoto wenye umri wa miezi minne hadi 12 wanahitaji kulala wastani wa saa 12 hadi 16 kwa siku, huku wale wenye umri wa mwaka mmoja hadi miaka miwili wakihitaji kulala kati ya saa 11 hadi 14 kwa siku.

Tanzania kinara idadi ya Simba Afrika

Shirika la World Population Review limeitaja Tanzania kuwa na simba 14,500 idadi inayoifanya kuwa kinara wa idadi kubwa ya Simba barani Afrika.

Katika mbuga zake za kitaifa na mapori ya akiba nchini Tanzania, unaweza kuona simba jike wakiwinda alfajiri, madume wakinguruma na wengine wakiwinda au kupumzika katika vivuli vya miti.

Unaweza kujionea wanyama hao katika hifadhi mbalimbali ikiwemo Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Tarangire na Ruaha.

Hata hivyo, takwimu hizo zinatofautiana na zile zilizotolewa na IUCN pamoja na Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Wanyamapori Tanzania (TAWIRI) ambao waliripoti idadi ya simba hao kuwa 17,000.

Nchi nyingine yenye idadi kubwa ya simba ni Afrika Kusini (Simba 3,284), Botswana (Simba 3,063), Kenya (Simba 2,515) na Zambia (Simba 2,500)

Pamoja na hayo, Tawiri ilibainisha kuwa Tanzania imeongoza barani Afrika kwa kuwa na idadi kubwa ya wanyama wengine ikiwemo Nyati na Chui.


Fahamu faida za kutumia mifumo rasmi ya fedha

Dar es salaam: Matumizi ya mifumo rasmi ya fedha ni nguzo muhimu katika kuimarisha ustawi wa kifedha wa mtu mmoja mmoja na maendeleo ya uchumi ya Taifa kwa ujumla.

Kupitia mifumo hiyo, ikiwemo benki, taasisi za fedha zilizosajiliwa na huduma za bima wananchi hupata usalama wa fedha zao, uwazi wa miamala na ufuatiliaji sahihi wa mapato na matumizi. 

Kwa mujibu wa Benki Kuu ya Tanzania (BoT) mifumo rasmi hupunguza hatari ya wizi, upotevu wa fedha na ulaghai, huku ikirahisisha malipo ya huduma mbalimbali kama ada, kodi na mishahara kwa njia salama na za haraka.

Aidha, akiba inayowekwa kwenye mifumo rasmi inalindwa kisheria, hupata riba, na hujenga historia ya kifedha (credit history) ambayo humwezesha mhusika kupata mikopo kwa ajili ya uwekezaji, biashara au mahitaji ya kijamii.

Kwa ujumla, kutumia mifumo rasmi ya fedha ni msingi muhimu wa ukuaji endelevu wa uchumi, unaochochea uwajibikaji, ufanisi na maendeleo ya kijamii na kiuchumi.

Maspika wa Bunge la Tanzania tangu uhuru


Dar es Salaam. Tangu kupatikana kwa uhuru mwaka 1961, Tanzania imepata viongozi kadhaa waliowahi kushika nafasi ya Spika wa Bunge. Spika wa kwanza alikuwa A.Y.A. Karimjee, aliyeliongoza Bunge la Tanganyika kuanzia mwaka 1956 hadi 1962. 

Baada ya hapo, nafasi hiyo ilishikiliwa na Chief Adam Sapi Mkwawa, ambaye alihudumu kwa kipindi kirefu zaidi kuanzia mwaka 1962 hadi 1973, na tena kati ya mwaka 1975 hadi 1994.

Chief Erasto Mang’enya aliongoza kwa muda mfupi kati ya mwaka 1973 na 1975, kabla ya Pius Msekwa kuchukua nafasi hiyo mwaka 1994 na kuhudumu hadi 2005. 

Wengine waliowahi kushika nafasi hiyo ni Samuel Sitta (2005–2010), Anne Makinda (2010–2015), Job Ndugai (2015–2022), na kwa sasa Dk. Tulia Ackson, ambaye alianza Februari 2022 na ambaye ukomo wake unakwenda kufikia Novemba 11, 2025 atakapa chaguliwa Spika mpya.

Kwa zaidi ya nusu karne, Bunge limepitia mabadiliko makubwa ya kisiasa na kiutendaji chini ya uongozi wa maspika hao. Hata hivyo, swali linaloibuka sasa ni, nani atarithi mikoba ya Dk. Tulia Ackson na kuwa Spika wa Bunge la 13 la Tanzania?

Foundation targets school facilities to strengthen education in Tanzania

  • The Sanjeev Mansotra Foundation (SMF) will support the renovation and expansion of four schools in Dodoma.
  • These changes aim to make schools safer, cleaner, and more exciting places to learn.

Dar es Salaam. Students in Dodoma city are expected to see better classrooms, more learning materials, and improved school facilities following the launch of the Sanjeev Mansotra Foundation (SMF) in Tanzania.

The Foundation, started by Sanjeev Mansotra, Chairman of Planet One Group, will first support the renovation and expansion of four schools in the city.

The work will include building new classrooms, science laboratories, and libraries. It will also provide school uniforms, stationery, clean drinking water, and health camps for students and nearby communities.

These changes aim to make schools safer, cleaner, and more exciting places to learn.

“The establishment of this foundation is rooted in my firm belief that education is the cornerstone of a thriving national economy,” said Mansotra. “By expanding access to quality education, we empower individuals and lay the foundation for sustainable economic growth and prosperity.”

The Foundation’s launch comes at a time when many African children still struggle to access education.

A joint report by United Nations Education, Science and Culture Organization (UNESCO), United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), and the African Union shows that while school enrollment has grown by 75 million since 2015, more than 100 million children remain out of school.

The same report says four out of five African children aged 10 cannot read and understand a simple story.

Investing in children education is crucial part of building literate community that lead to better life. Photo | Idea For Good.

In Tanzania, and especially in rural areas, many students face challenges such as long distances to school, lack of classrooms, and poor sanitation. These problems lower attendance and performance. SMF hopes to close this gap by supporting both students and teachers.

“By investing in infrastructure and essential resources, we aim to inspire students and teachers alike, boost enrollment, and improve learning outcomes,” Mansotra said at the launch of SMF in Dodoma on November 5, 2025.

The Dodoma City Council, which manages public schools in the region, invited the foundation to support local education projects. Local leaders have welcomed the plan, saying it will help hundreds of children and ease the pressure on crowded schools.

The Foundation plans to expand its projects to Ghana, Guinea, Togo, Sierra Leone, and India in the future. It will continue to focus on education, health, and improving the lives of underserved communities.

“Our long-term vision is to serve as a catalyst for transformative change. We are deeply committed to nurturing the next generation by equipping them with education, skills, and aptitude they need to thrive. From imagination to impact, our mission is to ensure no one is left behind,” Mansotra concluded.

For Dodoma’s young learners, this initiative offers more than just buildings, it brings hope for a better future, where every child has the chance to learn and succeed.

Hatua za kumuanzishia mtoto wa miezi sita chakula cha ziada

  • Hatua hizo zimegawanyika katika wiki tatu.
  • Mtoto huanza kupewa vijiko viwili hadi kufikia robo kikombe akifikisha mwaka mmoja.

Arusha. Lishe ni miongoni mwa mahitaji muhimu katika ukuaji wa mtoto ikimuwezesha kukua vyema na kumuepusha na magonjwa.

Katika miezi sita ya mwanzo wataalamu wa lishe hushauri mtoto apewe maziwa ya mama pekee bila kuchanganya na chochote ili kumpatia virutubisho vinavyohitajika katika hatua hiyo ya ukuaji.

Mwongozo wa lishe kwa watoto wadogo uliotolewa na Taasisi ya Chakula na Lishe (TFNC) unabainisha kuwa baada ya miezi sita ya mwanzo mtoto mchanga anahitaji chakula cha ziada ili kumpatia virutubisho ambavyo hupungua katika maziwa ya mama kadri mtoto anayokuwa.

“Vyakula vya nyongeza vinahitajika ili kumpatia mtoto nishati, vitamini na madini ambayo maziwa ya mama hayatoshelezi kadri mtoto anavyoendelea kukua,” umesema muongozo wa TFNC.

Mwongozo huo umebainisha kuwa mtoto anatakiwa kupata angalau makundi matatu ya chakula kwa kila mlo kati ya kundi la wanga, vyakula vya jamii ya kunde, mafuta na sukari, matunda na vile vyenye asili ya wanyama.

Hata hivyo, vyakula hivyo vya ziada hupaswa kuongezwa kwa hatua kadhaa ili mtoto aweze kuzoea na kurahisisha umengenywaji wake katika mfumo wa chakula wa mtoto.

Daktari Reinfrida Ngairo kutoka Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Magonjwa ya Binadamu (NIMR) ambaye pia ni mkufunzi wa lishe ya mama na mtoto ameimbia Nukta Habari kuwa hatua hizo zimegawanyika katika wiki tatu.

Ni muhimu kuzingatia uzito sahihi wa chakula cha mtoto ili aweze kuoata nishati na virutubisho vingine vya muhimu.Picha/Haakaa.

Wiki ya kwanza

Daktari Ngairo anasema mtoto anayeanzishiwa vyakula vya ziada huanza kupewa vyakula vyepesi (vya maji maji) kwa kiwango kidogo kisichozidi vijiko vitatu kwa siku mbili hadi tatu za mwanzoni.

“Lengo katika wiki ya kwanza ya kuanzisha chakula ni ku ‘introduce’ (kuitambulisha) tu ladha… kwa hiyo akila hata vijiko vitatu tu vinatosha akitaka zaidi ni sawa mpe zaidi na mlo mmoja unatosha kwa wiki ya kwanza.” ameongeza Dk Ngairo.

Vyakula hivyo ni pamoja na matunda yaliyopondwa na kuchanganywa na maziwa ya mama, maziwa ya kopo, au supu  kama ndizi, parachichi, papai, embe na tikiti huku siku ya tatu na kuendelea mzazi akiruhusiwa kumpa mtoto uji mwepesi wa nafaka moja ikiwemo mahindi, mtama, ulezi au uwele

“Kuchanganya nafaka zote kwa pamoja, unauchosha mfumo wa tumbo na mtoto anaweza hata asiweze pata virutubisho vyote vnavyohitajika…

kuanzia siku ya tatu ile anapoanza uji unaweza anza pia vyakula vingine mfano bogalishe, mtori, rojo la karoti, viazi, mboga majani na viazi lishe,” amesema Dk Ngairo.

Wiki ya pili

Katika wiki ya pili baada ya mtoto kuzoea chakula Dk Ngairo anashauri kumuanzishia vyakula vinavyoweza kuleta mzio mara moja kwa siku ikiwemo karanga, samaki, kiini cha yai, ufuta na aina nyingine.

“Kwa hiyo hapa unaweza mpa mtoto asubuhi mtori wa supu ya samaki umeweka mnofu kdogo wa samaki ukasaga…unafaya hivi siku mbili au tatu mfululizo ili ujue kama kitampa shida au la,” ameongeza Dk Ngairo.

Wataalamu wa afya wanashauri mtoto apate angalau aina tatu za makundi ya chakula.Picha/Felix Hospital.

Wiki ya tatu

Kuanzia wiki ya tatu hadi mtoto atakapofikisha mwaka mmoja unaruhusiwa kuchanganya vyakula mfano ndizi, kiazi, supu na mboga za majani pia kumpa uji wa nafaka mbili, mbegu na karanga.. 

Mtoto anakiwa kupewa vyakula hivyo mara tatu au nne kwa siku pamoja na asusa kama sharubati nzito na matunda kati ya mlo na mlo bila kusahau kunyoshwa kila anapohitaji.

Mwongozo wa TFNC unabainisha kuwa kadri mtoto anavyoendelea kukua anatakiwa kumaliza kikombe au kibakuli cha ujazo wa mililita 250 kwa mlo mmoja huku akiendelea kuacha vyakula laini sana kwenda vyakula vilivyopondwa hadi kufikia vyakula vyenye vipande vya kutafuna

Dk Ngairo amewataka wazazi kuzingatia kutoweka chumvi wala sukari katika chakula cha mtoto hadi anapofikisha umri wa mwaka mmoja ili kulinda figo ya mtoto na kusaidia mtoto asipoteze hamu ya kula.

Hakikisha vyombo vya mtoto vinaoshwa ipasavyo huku chakula kikipikwa katika hali ya usafi ili kumuepusha na magonjwa pamoja na kuzingatia mbinu bora za ulishaji.

New coffee standard opens markets for Tanzanian farmers

  • Regenerative Agriculture Certification launched this week by Rainforest Alliance.
  • The certification is aimed at restoring soil health, protecting biodiversity, and improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers.

Dar es Salaam. Tanzanian coffee farmers could gain higher incomes and more resilient harvests after the launch of a new Regenerative Agriculture Certification, a global program aimed at restoring ecosystems in tropical regions while strengthening farmer livelihoods.

The certification announced on September 9, 2025 by Rainforest Alliance, an international non-profit organization, works to restore the balance between people and nature  for both to thrive in harmony.

According to the organization, the certification is aimed at restoring soil health, protecting biodiversity, and improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers who produce the bulk of the world’s coffee.

The initiative comes at a time when climate change, pests, and environmental degradation are cutting yields and threatening rural incomes.

In Tanzania, where coffee is a key export and source of income for thousands of households in Kilimanjaro, Mbeya, and Ruvuma, the certification is expected to provide both market access and higher earnings for farmers who adopt regenerative practices.

The Rainforest Alliance says the new standard will give farmers and companies a clear, science-based way to measure their progress. Certified farms will be evaluated across five areas: soil health and fertility, climate resilience, biodiversity, water stewardship, and farmer livelihoods. 

Products that meet the requirements will bear a new regenerative seal, expected to appear on coffee packages starting in 2026.

Senior Director for East and Southern Africa at the Rainforest Alliance, Julius Ng’ang’a says the certification represents a shift in how markets support agriculture.

“Markets need to move beyond a ‘do no harm’ mindset to one that repairs and restores,” Ng’ang’a says. “Now is the time to transition to a new model of agriculture, one where every cup of coffee gives back more than it takes from the land and the people who care for it.”

Coffee is a key export and source of income for thousands of small farmers, higher yields and market access is key in improving livelihoods. Photo | Daily News.

Recent study on regenerative coffee investment case by TechnoServe shows regenerative farming practices can improve income by up to 20% to 30%. 

For Tanzanian producers, this could mean more stable earnings even as weather extremes and global market shifts affect coffee supply. 

Independent auditors will assess farms, and only those meeting the standard will be allowed to use the seal.

The certification also responds to growing consumer demand for sustainable products. For companies, sourcing regenerative coffee strengthens supply chains and supports environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals. For buyers, the seal offers assurance that their purchase is helping both farmers and ecosystems.

The Rainforest Alliance has begun implementing the program in Brazil, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Certified coffee from these countries is expected to reach shelves in 2026, with Tanzania and other African producers encouraged to join early to secure market advantages.

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